{"id":23889,"date":"2025-12-03T11:39:26","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T19:39:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/?p=23889"},"modified":"2025-12-03T11:39:26","modified_gmt":"2025-12-03T19:39:26","slug":"avoiding-misinformation-when-teaching-the-geography-of-climate-part-2-climate-maps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/blog\/2025\/12\/03\/avoiding-misinformation-when-teaching-the-geography-of-climate-part-2-climate-maps\/","title":{"rendered":"Avoiding Misinformation When Teaching the Geography of Climate; Part 2, Climate Maps"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As noted in the previous post, many educational climate maps that rank high in internet image searches are based on a simplistic climatic model that is too focused on latitude. In this post, I scrutinize and criticize four such maps.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most simplistic example that I found (posted below) essentially replicates Aristotle\u2019s five-zone climate scheme, although it does not strictly follow latitudinal lines. The marginal notes on this STUDYLIB map claim that the climate zones that it depicts are based on both average temperature and average rainfall, but that is simply not the case. While the text states that the tropical zones \u201cget the most rainfall,\u201d the map puts the world\u2019s largest hyper-arid area, the Sahara Desert, in this category. While the text states that the temperate zones experience \u201crainfall year-round,\u201d the map puts many place that almost never get summer precipitation in this category. While the text states that the polar zones are \u201calmost always below freezing,\u201d the map puts relatively mild Iceland and the Alaska Peninsula along with the nearby Aleutian islands [1] in this category. Perhaps surprisingly, neither Reykjav\u00edk in Iceland nor <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unalaska,_Alaska\">Dutch Harbor<\/a> in Alaska have a single month with a daily mean temperature below freezing. (The figure for the coldest month in Reykjav\u00edk [February] is 32.9\u00b0F\/0.5\u00b0 C, and for Dutch Harbor is 33.0\u00b0F\/0.6\u00b0 C.) Note also that the base map is extraordinarily crude, especially in its depiction of Southeast Asia.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_23890\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23890\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23890 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1-1024x579.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"579\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1-1024x579.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1-300x170.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1-768x434.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1-1536x869.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1-2048x1158.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1-1320x747.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23890\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Misleading Climate Map 1<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_23893\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23893\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/R-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23893 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/R-1024x344.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"344\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/R-1024x344.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/R-300x101.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/R-768x258.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/R-1536x516.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/R-2048x688.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/R-1320x444.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23893\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wikipedia Reykjavik Climate Table<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The second map, produced by Larkswood Educational Supplies, is essentially the same as the first, although it adds two \u201cMediterranean\u201d zones, one in California and the other in the Mediterranean itself. The addition of this dry-summer zone is an improvement, but the map fails to get the geography right. It is oddly missing the eastern Mediterranean and it ignores the Mediterranean-climate zones in central Chile, southwestern South Africa, and southwestern and south-central Australia. It also puts areas with non-Mediterranean climates, such the Po Valley of Italy and most of the Danube Basin, in the Mediterranean category.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_23891\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23891\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23891 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/2-1024x815.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"815\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/2-1024x815.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/2-300x239.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/2-768x611.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/2-1536x1222.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/2-1320x1050.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/2.jpg 1898w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23891\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Misleading Climate Map 2<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_23892\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23892\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Med.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23892 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Med-1024x617.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"617\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Med-1024x617.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Med-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Med-768x463.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Med-1536x925.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Med-2048x1234.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Med-1320x795.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23892\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Map of Mediterranean Climates<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The third map, produced by Dreamstime.com, has six climate zones. As such, it is an improvement over the first two, although, unlike the second, it fails to differentiate Mediterranean climates. Its miscues, however, are many. It places hyper-arid northwestern Peru [2], for example, in the equatorial zone, which is generally characterized by heavy rainfall over most of the year, yet it excludes most of hyper-wet western Colombia from the same category. It puts <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irkutsk\">Irkutsk, Russia<\/a>, with a mean January low temperature of -6.5\u00b0F\/-21.4\u00b0C, in the temperate zone, yet it does the same with tropical Dhaka, Bangladesh [3], which a record low temperature of 42.1\u00b0F\/5.6\u00b0C and an annual daily mean temperature of 78.8\u00b0F\/26.0\u00b0C. The much colder city <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shreveport,_Louisiana\">Shreveport, Louisiana<\/a>, with a record low of -5.0\u00b0F\/-21\u00b0C and an annual daily mean temperature of 66.6\u00b0F\/19.2\u00b0C, is conversely placed in the subtropical zone. Such mapping makes no sense.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_23894\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23894\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23894 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3-1024x599.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3-1024x599.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3-768x449.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3-1536x898.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3-2048x1198.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3-1320x772.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23894\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Misleading Climate Map 3<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The final map is the worst, even though it differentiates the largest number of climate zones. It extends the temperate zone into absurdly high latitudes, including southern Greenland, central Alaska, and north-central Siberia. Even infamously frigid Verkhoyansk, Russia, with a record low of -90\u00b0F\/-67.8\u00b0C and an annual daily mean of 7.3\u00b0F\/-13.7\u00b0C, is mapped in the temperate category! Equally ludicrous is the placement of southern Alberta and the Altay Mountains of Central Asia in the subtropical zone and the placement of the Tibetan and Loess plateaus of China in the ostensibly warmer \u201csubequatorial\u201d zone. This map is nothing less than a climatological travesty.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_23895\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23895\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23895 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4-1024x634.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"634\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4-1024x634.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4-768x476.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4-1536x951.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4-2048x1268.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4-1320x817.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23895\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Misleading Climate Map 3<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_23896\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23896\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/V-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23896 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/V-1024x528.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"528\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/V-1024x528.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/V-300x155.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/V-768x396.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/V-1536x791.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/V-2048x1055.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/V-1320x680.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23896\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Climate Table for Verkhoyansk, Russia<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although it is perhaps unfair to ridicule such maps, I do think that their prominence in internet image searches is both telling and tragic. Geographical knowledge has reached such a low state that even people tasked with producing and reviewing basic educational maps are unable to get fundamental facts right. We deserve better.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[1] Only one Aleutian island, Unimak, is actually depicted.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[2] The average annual precipitation in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiclayo\">Chicalayo, Peru is 1.06 inches\/26 mm<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[3] At 23\u00b042&#8217;37&#8221; N latitude, Dhaka is just north of the Tropic of Cancer and thus just outside tropical zone strictly defined, but its climate is essentially tropical.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As noted in the previous post, many educational climate maps that rank high in internet image searches are based on a simplistic climatic model that is too focused on latitude. In this post, I scrutinize and criticize four such maps. The most simplistic example that I found (posted below) essentially replicates Aristotle\u2019s five-zone climate scheme, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":23895,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4549,4101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23889","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article-grid","category-geographical-education"],"geo":null,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Avoiding Misinformation When Teaching the Geography of Climate; Part 2, Climate Maps - GeoCurrents<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/blog\/2025\/12\/03\/avoiding-misinformation-when-teaching-the-geography-of-climate-part-2-climate-maps\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Avoiding Misinformation When Teaching the Geography of Climate; Part 2, Climate Maps - GeoCurrents\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As noted in the previous post, many educational climate maps that rank high in internet image searches are based on a simplistic climatic model that is too focused on latitude. In this post, I scrutinize and criticize four such maps. The most simplistic example that I found (posted below) essentially replicates Aristotle\u2019s five-zone climate scheme, [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/blog\/2025\/12\/03\/avoiding-misinformation-when-teaching-the-geography-of-climate-part-2-climate-maps\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"GeoCurrents\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-03T19:39:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2506\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1552\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Martin W. Lewis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Martin W. Lewis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/blog\/2025\/12\/03\/avoiding-misinformation-when-teaching-the-geography-of-climate-part-2-climate-maps\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.geocurrents.info\/blog\/2025\/12\/03\/avoiding-misinformation-when-teaching-the-geography-of-climate-part-2-climate-maps\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Martin W. 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